Forensic chemistry is a branch of forensic science that applies chemical principles and methodologies to the analysis of chemical compounds in legal contexts. It involves the systematic examination and identification of substances such as metal analysis, cement, mortar and concrete examination etc. by the application of various techniques like chromatography, mass spectrometry, and spectroscopy etc. Key areas include:
- Oil and Fat Analysis: Analyzing oils and fats can help identify substances in criminal cases, such as food contamination or determining the origin of a material.
- Metal Analysis: Identifying metals such as gold etc.
- Fire and Arson Investigation: Analyzing fire debris can help determine the cause of a fire and identify accelerants.
- Cement, Mortar, and Concrete Analysis: Understanding the composition and properties of these materials can help in cases involving structural failures, accidents, or disputes regarding construction quality.
- Acid and Alkali Examination: Analyzing acids and alkalis can be critical in cases involving chemical burns, environmental contamination, or hazardous materials.
- Alcohol and Liquor Examination: This analysis is essential in cases of intoxication, drunk driving, or contamination of beverages.